SMOKING ARTICLE WITH DUAL HEAT CONDUCTING ELEMENTS AND IMPROVED AIR FLOW

专利摘要:
smoking article with dual heat conductive elements and improved airflow. a smoking article (2) comprises: a combustible heat source (4) with opposite front (6) and rear (8) faces; an aerosol forming substrate (10) downstream from the rear face (8) of the combustible heat source (4). a first heat-conducting element (36) circumscribing a rear portion (4b) of the combustible heat source (4) and at least a front portion (10a) of the aerosol-forming substrate (10); a second heat-conducting element (38) around at least a portion of the first heat-conducting element (36), wherein at least part of the second heat-conducting element (38) is radially spaced from the first heat-conducting element ( 36); and one or more air inlets (40) around the periphery of the aerosol-forming substrate (10).
公开号:BR112016000960B1
申请号:R112016000960-6
申请日:2014-08-12
公开日:2021-08-03
发明作者:Ana BORGES；Cristina APETREI BIRZA；David KUCHEN；Frédéric LAVANCHY；Laurent Edouard Poget
申请人:Philip Morris Products S.A.；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0001] The present invention relates to a smoking article comprising a combustible heat source with opposite front and rear faces to each other, an aerosol forming substrate downstream of the rear face of the combustible heat source and dual heat conducting elements around the smoking article.
[0002] Various smoking articles in which the tobacco is heated instead of being burnt have already been proposed in the prior art. One of the goals of such "heated" smoking articles is to reduce the known harmful smoke components of the type produced by the combustion and pyrolytic degradation of tobacco in conventional cigarettes. In one type of heated smoking article, an aerosol is generated by transferring heat from a combustible heat source to an aerosol-forming substrate. The aerosol forming substrate may be located within, around or downstream of the combustible heat source. During the act of smoking, volatile compounds are released from the aerosol-forming substrate via heat transfer from the combustible heat source and puffed along with the air drawn through the smoking article. As the released compounds cool, they condense to form an aerosol that is inhaled by the user. Typically, air is drawn into one of these known smoking articles through one or more air flow channels provided by the combustible heat source and heat transfer from the combustible heat source to the aerosol forming substrate occurs by forced convection and conduction.
[0003] For example, WO-A2-2009/022232 discloses a smoking article comprising a combustible heat source, an aerosol forming substrate downstream of the combustible heat source and a heat conducting element around and in contact direct with a rear part of the combustible heat source and with an adjacent front part of the aerosol forming substrate.
[0004] The heat conducting element in the smoking article of WO-A2-2009/022232 transfers the heat generated during combustion from the combustible heat source to the aerosol forming substrate by conduction. The heat sink exerted by conductive heat transfer significantly reduces the backside temperature of the fuel heat source so that the backside temperature is retained significantly below its auto-ignition temperature.
[0005] In smoking articles where tobacco is heated rather than combusting, the temperature obtained in the aerosol-forming substrate significantly impacts the ability to generate a sensory acceptable aerosol. Generally, it is desirable to maintain the temperature of the aerosol forming substrate within a certain range in order to optimize aerosol delivery to the user. In certain cases, radioactive heat losses from the outer surface of a heat conducting element around and in contact with a combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate can cause the temperature of the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate falls and exceeds a desired range, thereby impacting the performance of the smoking article. If the temperature of the aerosol forming substrate drops too much, for example, it adversely impacts the consistency and amount of aerosol dispensed to the user.
[0006] In some heated smoking articles, forced convective heat transfer to the aerosol forming substrate is provided, in addition to conductive heat transfer by means of the heat conducting element. For example, in some known heated smoking articles one or more air flow channels are provided via the combustible heat source to provide forced convective heating of the aerosol forming substrate. In such smoking articles, the aerosol forming substrate is heated by a combination of conductive heating and forced convective heating.
[0007] In known smoking articles in which the heat transfer from the combustible heat source to the aerosol forming substrate occurs primarily by forced convection, the forced convective heat transfer and therefore the temperature of the aerosol forming substrate may vary in a manner considerable, depending on a user's blowing behavior. As a result, the composition and therefore the sensory properties of the main aerosol generated by such known heated smoking articles can disadvantageously be highly sensitive to a user's puff regime.
[0008] Furthermore, in known smoking articles comprising one or more air flow channels along the combustible heat source, direct contact between inhaled air through one or more air flow channels and the combustible heat source during blowing by a user results in activation of combustion of the combustible heat source. Intense blowing regimes can therefore lead to convective heat transfers high enough to cause spikes in the temperature of the aerosol-forming substrate, disadvantageously leading to pyrolysis and even potential localized combustion of the aerosol-forming substrate. As used herein, the term "peak" is used to describe a brief increase in the temperature of the aerosol forming substrate. As a result, the levels of unwanted pyrolytic and combustion residues in the main aerosols generated by such known smoking articles can also, and disadvantageously, vary significantly depending on the specific puff regime adopted by a user.
[0009] In other heated smoking articles, no air flow channels are provided by the combustible heat source. In such smoking articles, heating of the aerosol-forming substrate is achieved primarily by means of conductive heat transfer via a heat-conducting element. In heated smoking articles, where the aerosol-forming substrate is heated primarily by means of conductive heat transfer, the temperature of the aerosol-forming substrate may become more sensitive to changes in the temperature of the heat-conducting element. This means that any cooling of the heat conducting element due to radiative heat loss in such heated smoking articles may have a greater impact on aerosol generation than in heated smoking articles where the aerosol forming substrate is also heated by transfer of air. convective heat.
[0010] EP-A2-0 336 456 discloses smoking articles comprising a fuel element for combustion and a physically separate aerosol generating means in conductive heat exchange relationship with the fuel element. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the combustion fuel element 24 is connected to the aerosol generating means 12 by a heat conducting rod 26 and a paper tube lined with aluminum foil 14, which leads to the mouth end 15 of the smoking article. The aerosol generating means 12 comprises a carbonaceous substructure 28 impregnated with one or more aerosol forming materials. A void 30 is included between the fuel element 24 and the carbonaceous substrate 28 of the aerosol generating means 12. The portion of the foil-lined tube 14 surrounding the void 30 includes a plurality of peripheral holes 32 which allow the air enters the void 30. In this embodiment, the heat conducting rod 26 is inserted into the combustion fuel element body 24 and the carbonaceous substrate 28 of the aerosol generating means 12 and there are no air inlets in the paper-lined tube portion. aluminum 14 around the carbonaceous substrate 28 of the aerosol generating means 12.
It is known to include additives in the combustible heat sources of heated smoking articles in order to improve the ignition and combustion properties of the combustible heat sources. However, the inclusion of ignition and combustion additives can give rise to decomposition and reaction products which can disadvantageously enter the air drawn through such known smoking articles during use thereof.
To facilitate aerosol formation, the aerosol forming substrates of heated smoking articles typically comprise a polyhydric alcohol, such as glycerin, or other known aerosol former. During storage and smoking, such aerosol formers may migrate from the aerosol former substrates of known smoking articles to the combustible heat sources thereof. Migration of aerosol formers to the combustible heat sources of known heated smoking articles can disadvantageously lead to decomposition of the aerosol formers, especially during smoking of these heated smoking articles.
[0013] It would be desirable to provide a heated smoking article that includes a combustible heat source with rear and front faces opposed to each other and an aerosol forming substrate downstream of the back face of the combustible heat source to provide improved smoking performance. Particularly, it would be desirable to provide a heated smoking article in which there is improved control of the heat of the aerosol forming substrate to aid in maintaining the temperature of the aerosol forming substrate within a desired temperature range during smoking.
[0014] According to the invention, there is provided a smoking article comprising; a combustible heat source with front and rear faces opposite each other; an aerosol forming substrate downstream of the rear face of the fuel heat source; a first heat-conductive element circumscribing a rear portion of the fuel heat source and at least a front portion of the aerosol-forming substrate; a second heat-conducting element around at least a portion of the first heat-conducting element, wherein at least part of the second heat-conducting element is radially spaced from the first heat-conducting element; and one or more first air inlets around the periphery of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0015] As used herein, the terms "upstream", "downstream", "proximal", "distal", "frontier" and "rear", are used to describe the relative positions of components, or portions of components , of the smoking article in relation to the sense in which the user brings the article to smoke while using it. Smoking articles according to the invention comprise a proximal end through which, when in use, an aerosol leaves the smoking article for delivery to a user. The proximal end may also be referred to as the mouth end. In use, a user brings on the proximal end of the smoking article in order to inhale an aerosol generated by the smoking article.
[0016] The combustible heat source is located at or near the distal end. The mouth end is downstream of the distal end. The proximal end may also be referred to as the downstream end of the smoking article, and the distal end may also be referred to as the upstream end of the smoking article. Components or component parts of smoking articles according to the invention may be described as being upstream or downstream of each other based on their relative positions between the proximal end and the distal end of the smoking article.
[0017] The front face of the combustible heat source is at the upstream end of the combustible heat source. The upstream end of the combustible heat source is the end of the combustible heat source furthest from the proximal end of the smoking article. The rear face of the combustible heat source is at the downstream end of the combustible heat source. The downstream end of the combustible heat source is the end of the combustible heat source closest to the proximal end of the smoking article.
[0018] As used herein, the term "length" is used to describe the maximum longitudinal dimension of the smoking article. That is, the maximum dimension in the direction between the proximal end and the opposite distal end of the smoking article.
[0019] As used herein, the term "aerosol-forming substrate" is used to describe a substrate capable of releasing, upon heating, volatile compounds that can form an aerosol. Aerosols generated from the aerosol forming substrates of smoking articles according to the invention may be visible or invisible and may include vapors (e.g. fine particles of substances which are in a gaseous state and which are normally liquid or solid at room temperature) , as well as gases and liquid droplets of condensed vapors.
[0020] The aerosol-forming substrate can be in the form of a plug or segment that comprises a material capable of releasing, upon heating, volatile compounds, which can form an aerosol, circumscribed by an envelope. Where an aerosol-forming substrate is in the form of such a plug or segment, the entire plug or segment, including the housing, is considered to be an aerosol-forming substrate.
As used herein, the term "air inlet" is used to describe a hole, slit, notch or any other opening through which air can be drawn into the smoking article.
[0022] The first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element comprise heat-conducting material.
[0023] As used in this document, the term "separatorily" is used to indicate that at least a portion of the heat-conducting material of the second heat-conducting element is spaced apart from the heat-conducting material of the first heat-conducting element in the direction radially, so that there is no direct contact between at least a portion of the heat-conducting material of the second heat-conducting element and the heat-conducting material of the first heat-conducting element.
[0024] As used herein, the term "radial" is used to describe the direction perpendicular to the direction between the proximal end and the opposite distal end of the smoking article.
[0025] As used in this document, the term "direct contact" is used to mean direct contact between two components without any intermediate material, so that the surfaces of the components touch each other.
Smoking articles according to the invention comprise a first heat-conducting element circumscribing a rear portion of the fuel heat source and at least a front portion of the aerosol-forming substrate and a second heat-conducting element around the hair. minus a part of the first heat-conducting element.
[0027] In certain embodiments, the first heat-conducting element may be in direct contact with a rear portion of the fuel heat source and at least a front portion of the aerosol-forming substrate. In such embodiments, the rear portion of the combustible heat source is circumscribed by and is in direct contact with the first heat-conducting element and at least a front portion of the aerosol forming substrate is circumscribed by and is in direct contact with the first heat-conducting element. In such embodiments, the first heat conducting element provides thermal connection between the combustible heat source and an aerosol forming substrate of smoking articles in accordance with the invention.
[0028] In other embodiments, the first heat-conducting element may be distanced from both the rear of the fuel heat source and the aerosol-forming substrate, or from just one of them, in a radial direction, so that there is no direct contact between the first heat-conducting element and either the rear of the combustible heat source or the aerosol-forming substrate, or just one of them.
[0029] The second heat-conducting element overlies at least a part of the first heat-conducting element. There is radial separation between the first heat conducting element and the second heat conducting element at one or more positions along the smoking article.
[0030] Preferably, all or substantially all of the second heat-conducting element is radially separated from the first heat-conducting element, so that there is substantially no contact between the first heat-conducting element and the second conductive element of heat. This advantageously limits or inhibits transfer of conductive heat from the first heat-conducting element to the second heat-conducting element.
[0031] Preferably, the transfer of conductive heat from the first heat-conducting element to the second heat-conducting element is substantially reduced. This advantageously results in the second heat-conducting element retaining a temperature lower than that of the first heat-conducting element. In preferred embodiments, radioactive heat losses from other surfaces of the smoking article are substantially reduced compared to a smoking article that does not comprise a second heat-conducting element around at least a portion of the first heat-conducting element.
[0032] The second heat-conducting element advantageously reduces heat losses from the first heat-conducting element. The second heat-conducting element comprises heat-conductive material whose temperature will increase during consumption of the smoking article as heat is generated by the combustible heat source. The high temperature of the second heat-conducting element reduces the temperature differential between the first heat-conducting element and overlying components of the smoking article so that heat losses from the first heat-conducting element can be reduced.
[0033] By reducing heat losses from the first heat-conducting element, the second heat-conducting element advantageously assists in keeping the first heat-conducting element within a desired temperature range. The second heat-conducting element advantageously helps to more effectively use heat from the combustible heat source to heat the aerosol-forming substrate to temperatures within the desired range. As an added advantage, the second heat-conducting element assists in maintaining the temperature of the aerosol-forming substrate at a higher level. The second heat-conducting element, in turn, improves aerosol generation from the aerosol-forming substrate. Advantageously, the second heat-conducting element elevates the overall delivery of the aerosol to a user. Specifically, it can be seen that where an aerosol forming substrate comprises nicotine, the delivery of nicotine to a user can be significantly improved by the inclusion of a second heat-conducting element.
[0034] Furthermore, it has been shown that the inclusion of a second heat-conducting element advantageously extends the life of the smoking article so that a user can take a greater number of puffs.
In certain preferred embodiments, the second heat-conducting element conducts heat along the smoking article from the combustible heat source in the same manner as the first heat-conducting element. In such embodiments, the second heat-conducting element can also improve the efficiency of transferring conductive heat from the combustible heat source to the aerosol-forming substrate and, therefore, the heating of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0036] The improvement in conductive heat transfer achieved by including a second heat conductive element is especially beneficial for smoking articles in which there is substantially no convective heat transfer.
[0037] The radial separation between the first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element is preferably achieved by including one or more intermediate layers of material between the first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element . One or more intermediate layers of material may be provided over the entire area where the second heat-conducting element overlies the first heat-conducting element. Alternatively, the one or more intermediate layers of material may be provided in only a part or parts of this area. One or more intermediate layers of material may, in certain cases, extend beyond one or both of the first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element in one or both of the upstream and downstream directions.
[0038] Preferably, the first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element are radially separated by one or more layers of heat-insulating material. Suitable thermal insulating materials include, but are not limited to, paper, ceramic and metal oxides.
[0039] For example, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first heat-conducting element is covered by a paper wrapper that circumscribes the smoking article along at least part of its length. In such embodiments, the paper package advantageously provides complete separation of the first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element, so that there is no direct contact between the first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element. heat.
[0040] In certain embodiments, the first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element are radially separated by an inner shell or an outer shell that extends throughout the entire smoking article, or only part of the same. In such embodiments, the inner wrapper or outer wrapper is wrapped around the smoking article along the first heat conductive element and the second heat conductive element and then provided over at least a portion of the inner wrapper or outer wrapper.
[0041] Preferably, the second heat-conducting element is provided on the outside of the smoking article, so that the second heat-conducting element is visible on the outside of the smoking article.
[0042] Alternatively, an outer casing extending over all or only a portion of the smoking article may be provided over the second heat-conducting element, so that the second heat-conducting element is not visible or is only partially visible. on the outside of the smoking article.
[0043] The provision of the second heat-conducting element on a casing of the smoking article can provide benefits with respect to the appearance of smoking articles according to the invention, especially during and after consumption thereof. In certain cases, some discoloration of the casing in the region of the combustible heat source may be observed when the casing is exposed to heat from the combustible heat source. The wrapper may further exhibit discoloration as a result of migration of volatile compounds from the aerosol-forming substrate to the wrap around and downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate. In certain embodiments, the second heat-conducting element of smoking articles according to the invention may be provided on the housing around at least a rear portion of the combustible heat source and at least a front portion of the aerosol forming substrate. so that the discoloration of the casing is covered and no longer visible, or less visible. In certain embodiments, the second heat-conducting element may extend around the entire length of the aerosol-forming substrate. In certain preferred embodiments, the second heat conducting element may extend downstream beyond the aerosol forming substrate. The initial appearance of the smoking article can therefore be retained during the act of smoking.
[0044] Alternatively to, or in addition to, one or more layers of heat-insulating material between the first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element, at least part of the second heat-conducting element may be radially separated from the first element heat conductor through an air gap. An air gap may be provided by including one or more spacer elements between the first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element, so as to maintain a defined separation between at least part of the second heat-conducting element and the first heat-conducting element. One or more distance elements can be, for example, one or more strips of paper wrapped radially around the first heat-conducting element.
[0045] Preferably, the first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element are radially separated from each other by at least 20 microns, more preferably by at least 50 microns. In certain embodiments, the first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element are radially separated from each other by at least 75 microns or more or by at least 100 microns or more.
[0046] Where one or more layers of heat-insulating material are provided between the first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element, as described above, the radial separation of the first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element will be determined by the thickness of one or more layers of thermal insulating material.
[0047] As described above, the first heat-conducting element of smoking articles according to the invention is preferably in direct contact with a rear part of the combustible heat source and at least a front part of the forming substrate aerosol spray. The first heat-conducting element is preferably resistant to combustion. In certain embodiments, the first heat-conducting element is oxygen-restricting. In such embodiments, the first heat-conducting element inhibits or resists the passage of oxygen through the first heat-conducting element to a combustible heat source.
[0048] In particularly preferred embodiments, the first heat-conducting element forms a continuous sleeve that closely circumscribes a rear portion of the fuel heat source and at least a first portion of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0049] In certain embodiments, the first heat-conducting element provides a substantially hermetically sealed connection between the combustible heat source and the aerosol-forming substrate. This can advantageously prevent or inhibit flue gases from the combustible heat source from being readily drawn into the aerosol forming substrate through its periphery. Such a connection may also advantageously minimize or substantially prevent the transfer of convective heat from the fuel heat source to the aerosol-forming substrate by air drawn along the peripheries of the fuel heat source and the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0050] Preferably, the physical integrity of the first heat-conducting element is maintained at temperatures reached by the combustible heat source during ignition and combustion. In embodiments where the first heat conducting element provides a substantially hermetically closed connection between the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate, this advantageously assists in maintaining a hermetically closed connection during use of the smoking article .
[0051] The first heat-conducting element can comprise any heat-conducting material or combination of materials with appropriate thermal conductivity.
[0052] Preferably, the first heat-conducting element comprises one or more heat-conducting materials with thermal conductivity at home between about 10 W per meter Kelvin (W/(m^K)) and about 500 W per meter Kelvin (W/(m^K)), more preferably between about 15 W per meter Kelvin (W/(m^K)) and about 400 W per meter Kelvin (W/(m^K)), at 23° C and a relative humidity of 50% as measured using the modified transient plane source (MTPS) method. Suitable heat conductive materials include, but are not limited to, foil wrappers such as, for example, aluminum foil wrappers, steel wrappers, iron foil wrappers and copper foil wrappers; and metal alloy sheet casings.
[0053] The first heat-conducting element may be composed of a single layer of heat-conducting material. Alternatively to this, the first heat-conductive element may be composed of a multi-layer or laminated material which comprises at least one layer of heat-conductive material in combination with one or more heat-conductive layers or non-heat-conductive layers. In such embodiments, the at least one layer of heat-conductive material can comprise any of the heat-conductive materials listed above.
[0054] In certain embodiments, the first heat-conducting element may be composed of a laminated material comprising at least one layer of heat-conductive material and at least one layer of heat-insulating material. In such embodiments, the inner layer of the first heat conductive element facing the rear of the fuel heat source and at least a front part of the aerosol forming substrate may be a layer of heat conductive material and the outer layer of the first element The heat-conducting element facing the second heat-conducting element may be a layer of heat-insulating material. In this way, the outer layer of the heat-insulating material provides the required radial separation between the heat-conducting material of the second heat-conducting element and the heat-conducting material of the first heat-conducting element.
[0055] An example of a laminated material particularly suitable for forming the first heat-conducting element is a double-layer laminated material comprising an outer layer of paper and an inner layer of aluminium.
Preferably, the thickness of the first heat-conducting element is between about 5 microns and about 50 microns, more preferably between about 10 microns and about 30 microns, and most preferably about 20 microns. In certain preferred embodiments, the first heat-conducting element comprises aluminum foil having a thickness of about 20 microns.
Preferably, the rear portion of the combustible heat source surrounded by the first heat conducting element is between about 2 mm and about 8 mm in length, more preferably between about 3 mm and about 5 mm in length.
Preferably, the front portion of the heat source not enveloped by the first heat-conducting element is between about 4 mm and about 15 mm in length, more preferably between about 5 mm and about 8 mm in length.
[0059] In certain embodiments, the entire length of the aerosol-forming substrate may be surrounded by the first heat-conducting element.
[0060] In other embodiments, the first heat-conducting element may involve only a front portion of the aerosol-forming substrate. In other embodiments, the aerosol-forming substrate extends beyond the downstream heat-conducting element.
[0061] In embodiments where the first heat-conducting element surrounds only a front portion of the aerosol-forming substrate, the aerosol-forming substrate preferably extends at least about 3 mm beyond the first heat-conducting element, the downstream. More preferably, the aerosol-forming substrate extends between about 3 mm and about 10 mm beyond the first, downstream, heat-conducting element. However, the aerosol-forming substrate may extend less than 3 mm beyond the first, downstream, heat-conducting element.
In such embodiments, the front portion of the aerosol-forming substrate surrounded by the first heat-conducting element is preferably between about 1 mm and about 10 mm in length, more preferably between about 2 mm and about 8 mm. mm in length, and more preferably between about 2 mm and about 6 mm in length.
[0063] The second heat-conducting element is provided around at least a part of the first heat-conducting element.
[0064] The second heat-conducting element may extend around all or part of the circumference of the smoking article. Preferably, the second heat-conducting element forms a continuous sleeve that circumscribes at least part of the first heat-conducting element.
[0065] The second heat-conducting element may comprise any heat-conducting material or combination of materials with appropriate thermal conductivity.
Preferably, the second heat-conducting element comprises one or more heat-conducting materials having a volumetric thermal conductivity between about 10 W per meter Kelvin (W/(m^K)) and about 500 W per meter Kelvin (W/(m^K)), more preferably between about 15 W per meter Kelvin (W/(m^K)) and about 400 W per meter Kelvin (W/(m^K)), at 23° C and a relative humidity of 50% as measured using the Modified Transient Plane Source (MTPS) method. Suitable heat conductive materials include, but are not limited to, foil wrappers such as, for example, aluminum foil wrappers, steel wrappers, iron foil wrappers and copper foil wrappers; and metal alloy sheet casings.
[0067] The first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element may comprise either the same or different heat-conducting material or materials.
[0068] In certain preferred embodiments, the first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element comprise the same heat-conducting material. In certain preferred embodiments, the first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element comprise aluminum foil.
[0069] Preferably, the second heat-conducting element comprises one or more metal reflective materials, such as aluminum or steel. In such embodiments, in use situation, the second heat-conducting element advantageously reflects heat radiating from the first heat-conducting element back to the first heat-conducting element. This further reduces heat losses from the first heat-conducting element so that the temperature of the first heat-conducting element can be better controlled and the combustible heat source can be kept at a higher temperature.
[0070] As used in this document, the term "heat reflective material" refers to a material that has relatively high heat reflectivity and relatively low heat emissivity, so that the material reflects a greater proportion of incident radiation from the surface than the emitted proportion. Preferably, the material reflects more than 50% incident radiation, more preferably more than 70% incident radiation and most preferably more than 75% incident radiation.
[0071] In embodiments in which the second heat-conducting element comprises a heat-reflective material, preferably all or substantially all of the second heat-conducting element is radially separated from the first heat-conducting element in order to facilitate heat reflection by part of the second heat-conducting element to the first heat-conducting element.
[0072] The reflectivity of the second heat-conducting element can be improved by providing a second heat-conducting element with a glossy inner surface, wherein the inner surface is the surface of the second conductor element whose face faces the surface. external part of the first heat-conducting element.
[0073] The second heat-conducting element may be composed of a single layer of heat-conducting material. Alternatively to this, the second heat-conductive element can be composed of a multi-layer or laminated material which comprises at least one layer of heat-conductive material in combination with one or more heat-conductive layers or non-heat-conductive layers. In such embodiments, the at least one layer of heat-conductive material can comprise any of the heat-conductive materials listed above.
[0074] In certain preferred embodiments, the second heat-conducting element can be composed of a laminated material comprising at least one layer of heat-conductive material and at least one layer of heat-insulating material. In such embodiments, the inner layer of the second heat-conducting element facing the first heat-conducting element may be a layer of heat-insulating material. In this way, the inner layer of the heat-insulating material provides the required radial separation between the heat-conducting material of the second heat-conducting element and the heat-conducting material of the first heat-conducting element.
[0075] In certain preferred embodiments, the second heat-conductive element comprises a single layer of heat-conductive material.
[0076] In certain preferred embodiments, the second heat-conducting element may be composed of a laminated material comprising a single layer of heat-conductive material and one or more layers of heat-insulating materials. In certain particularly preferred embodiments, the second heat-conducting element can be composed of a laminated material comprising a single layer of heat-conductive material and a layer of heat-insulating material. Preferably, the second heat-conducting element is a laminated material comprising a single outer layer of heat-conductive material and a single inner layer of heat-insulating material.
[0077] An example of a laminated material particularly suitable for forming the second heat-conducting element is a double-layer laminated material comprising an outer layer of aluminum and an inner layer of paper.
[0078] The use of a second heat-conducting element comprising a laminated material may also be beneficial during the production of smoking articles according to the invention, as the at least one heat-insulating layer can provide additional strength and rigidity. This allows the laminated material to be processed more easily, with reduced risk of collapse or breakage of at least one heat-conducting layer, which can be relatively thin and brittle.
[0079] The thickness of the second heat-conducting element can be substantially identical to the thickness of the first heat-conducting element. Alternatively, the first heat-conducting element and the second heat-conducting element can have different thicknesses from each other.
Preferably, the thickness of the second heat-conducting element is between about 5 microns and about 100 microns, more preferably between about 5 microns and about 80 microns.
[0081] Preferably, the second heat-conducting element comprises one or more layers of heat-conductive material having a thickness between about 2 microns and about 50 microns, more preferably between about 4 microns and about 30 microns.
[0082] In certain preferred embodiments, the second heat-conducting element may comprise aluminum foil with a thickness of about 20 microns.
[0083] In certain preferred embodiments, the second heat-conducting element may comprise a laminated material comprising an outer layer of aluminum with a thickness between about 5 microns and about 6 microns and an inner layer of paper.
[0084] The position and length of the second heat-conducting element with respect to the first heat-conducting element, the combustible heat source and the aerosol-forming substrate can be adjusted to control the heating of the aerosol-forming substrate during the act of smoking.
[0085] The second heat-conducting element can be positioned around at least a part of the aerosol-forming substrate. Alternatively to, or in addition to, the second heat-conducting element may be positioned around at least a portion of the combustible heat source.
[0086] Preferably, the second heat-conducting element is positioned around at least a portion of the aerosol-forming substrate and at least a portion of the combustible heat source, similarly to the first heat-conducting element.
[0087] The length of the second heat-conducting element with respect to the first heat-conducting element in the upstream and downstream direction can be adjusted depending on the desired performance of the smoking article.
[0088] The second heat-conducting element overlies at least a part of the first heat-conducting element.
[0089] The second heat-conducting element circumscribes substantially the same area of the combustible heat source and the aerosol-forming substrate as the first heat-conducting element, so that the first heat-conducting element and the heat-conducting element extend it. if along the same length as the smoking article. In such embodiments, preferably, the second heat-conducting element directly overlies the first heat-conducting element and completely covers the first heat-conducting element.
[0090] In alternative embodiments, the second heat-conducting element overlies at least a portion of the first heat-conducting element, but may extend beyond the first heat-conducting element in the upstream or downstream direction, or both ways.
[0091] Alternatively to or, where appropriate, in addition, the first heat-conducting element may extend beyond the second heat-conducting element in the upstream direction, or in the downstream direction, or in both directions.
[0092] Preferably, the second heat-conducting element does not extend substantially beyond the first heat-conducting element in the upstream direction. The second heat-conducting element may extend to approximately the same position in the combustible heat source as the first heat-conducting element in the upstream direction, so that the upstream ends of the first heat-conducting element and the second conductive element are substantially aligned on the combustible heat source. Alternatively, the first heat-conducting element may extend beyond the second heat-conducting element in an upstream direction. Such an arrangement can reduce the temperature of the combustible heat source.
[0093] Preferably, the second heat-conducting element extends to at least the same position as the first heat-conducting element in the downstream direction. The second heat-conducting element may extend to approximately the same position of the aerosol-forming substrate as the first heat-conducting element in a downstream direction, so that the downstream ends of the first heat-conducting element and the second conductive element of heat are substantially aligned on the aerosol-forming substrate. Alternatively, the second heat-conducting element may extend beyond the first heat-conducting element in the downstream direction so that the second heat-conducting element circumscribes a larger area of the aerosol forming substrate than the first heat-conducting element .
[0094] For example, the second heat-conducting element may extend at least 1 mm beyond the first heat-conducting element in the downstream direction, or at least 2 mm beyond the first heat-conducting element in the downstream direction.
[0095] In certain embodiments, the second heat-conducting element overlies at least a portion of the first heat-conducting element and circumscribes the entire length of the aerosol-forming substrate. In certain embodiments, the second heat-conducting element overlies at least part of the first heat-conducting element and extends downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0096] In other embodiments, the second heat-conducting element overlies at least a portion of the first heat-conducting element, but circumscribes only a portion of the aerosol-forming substrate. In such embodiments, the aerosol-forming substrate extends beyond the second heat-conducting element in a downstream direction.
[0097] The length of the second heat-conducting element, relative to the first heat-conducting element on the aerosol-forming substrate has been shown to have a significant impact on the smoking performance of the smoking article. The cover of the second heat-conducting element on the aerosol-forming substrate can therefore be adjusted to fit the aerosol delivery profile of the smoking article.
[0098] In particular, it has been shown that when the second heat-conducting element overlies at least part of the first heat-conducting element and extends beyond the first heat-conducting element in a downstream direction, a distribution of aerosol puff the most consistent puff during smoking. In particular, it has been shown that aerosol distribution during intermediate puffs is reduced, which in turn reduces the smoke intensity during these puffs, so as to align it more closely with the intensity of the initial and final puffs. It was also found that the duration of smoking is increased.
[0099] When the second heat-conducting element overlies less than a portion of the first heat-conducting element and extends downstream beyond the first heat-conducting element over the aerosol-forming substrate, a larger area of the aerosol-forming substrate it is covered by the second heat-conducting element. The heat is therefore dispersed over a greater volume of the aerosol-forming substrate so that there is less temperature differential between different portions of the aerosol-forming substrate. This results in a reduction in the temperature of the front of the aerosol forming substrate and an increase in the temperature of the rear of the aerosol forming substrate. This is believed to be responsible for the observed effect on the aerosol drag distribution.
[00100] As used in this document, the term "puff-to-puff delivery of aerosol" refers to the profile of the amount of aerosol delivered to a user during each puff. For a typical smoking article, the puff-by-puff aerosol delivery profile is in the form of a bell-shaped curve, with the amount of aerosol delivered to a user increasing during the intermediate puffs, before decreasing again coming to the final drags. The aerosol puff distribution can be adjusted so that the actual amount of aerosol delivered to a user in each puff is modified. As an alternative to, or in addition to, the relative amounts of aerosol delivered to a user with each puff are modified so that the shape of the aerosol puff delivery profile changes.
Smoking articles according to the invention comprise one or more first air inlets around the periphery of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[00102] It has been shown that the inclusion of one or more first air inlets around the periphery of the aerosol-forming substrate, in combination with a second heat-conducting element, advantageously increases the aerosol distribution of the smoking article.
[00103] When in use, cold air is drawn into the aerosol-forming substrate of the smoking article through the first air inlets. Air drawn into the aerosol-forming substrate through the first air inlets passes downstream, through the smoking article, from the aerosol-forming substrate and leaves the smoking article through the proximal end thereof.
[00104] During puffing by a user, cold air drawn through the one or more first air inlets around the periphery of the aerosol-forming substrate advantageously reduces the temperature of the aerosol-forming substrate of the smoking articles of according to the invention. This advantageously prevents or substantially inhibits spikes in the temperature of the aerosol forming substrate of smoking articles according to the invention during puffing by the user.
[00105] As used in this document, the term "cold air" is used to describe ambient air that is not significantly heated by the heat source while the user is ingesting.
[00106] By preventing or inhibiting peaks in the temperature of the aerosol-forming substrate, the inclusion of one or more first air inlets around the periphery of the aerosol-forming substrate advantageously helps to prevent or reduce combustion or pyrolysis of the aerosol forming substrate of smoking articles according to the invention under intense puff regimes. Furthermore, the inclusion of one or more first air inlets around the periphery of the aerosol-forming substrate advantageously aids in minimizing or reducing the impact of a user puff regime on the main aerosol composition of the articles for smoking according to the invention.
[00107] The quantity, shape, size and location of the first air intakes can be adjusted accordingly so that a good smoke performance can be achieved.
[00108] In certain preferred embodiments, the one or more first air inlets are located in proximity to the downstream end of the air-forming substrate.
[00109] In such embodiments, the aerosol forming substrate may be adjacent to the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[00110] As used in this document, the term "contiguous" is used to describe that the aerosol forming substrate is in contact with the rear face of the combustible heat source of a non-combustible and substantially air-tight barrier enclosure provided over the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[00111] In other embodiments, the aerosol forming substrate may be spaced away from the rear face of the combustible heat source. That is, there may be a space or gap between the aerosol forming substrate and the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[00112] In such embodiments, smoking articles according to the invention may further comprise one or more second air inlets between the rear face of the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate. When in use, fresh air is drawn into the space between the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate through the second air inlets. Air drawn into the space between the fuel heat source and the aerosol forming substrate through the second air inlets passes downstream through the smoking article from the space between the fuel heat source and the aerosol forming substrate and leaves the smoking article through the proximal end thereof.
[00113] During the act of inhaling by a user, fresh air drawn in through the one or more second air inlets between the rear face of the fuel heat source and the aerosol forming substrate may also, and advantageously, reducing the temperature of the aerosol forming substrate of smoking articles in accordance with the invention. This can substantially prevent or inhibit spikes in the temperature of the aerosol forming substrate of smoking articles according to the invention during the user's inhaling.
[00114] Alternatively, or in addition to this, smoking articles according to the invention may additionally comprise one or more third air inlets downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[00115] It should be noted that smoking articles according to the invention may comprise one or more first air inlets around the periphery of the aerosol forming substrate and one or more second air inlets between the rear face of the heat source fuel and the aerosol-forming substrate, or one or more first air inlets around the periphery of the aerosol-forming substrate and one or more third air inlets downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate, or one or more first air inlets to the around the periphery of the aerosol forming substrate and one or more second air inlets between the rear face of the fuel heat source and the aerosol forming substrate and one or more third air inlets downstream of the aerosol forming substrate.
Smoking articles according to the invention may further comprise a first substantially air-impermeable non-combustible barrier between the rear face of the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate.
[00117] As used herein, the term "non-combustible" is used to describe a substantially non-combustible barrier at temperatures reached by the combustible heat source during combustion or ignition thereof.
[00118] The first barrier can be adjacent to one of the aerosol forming substrate and the rear face of the combustible heat source, or to both. Alternatively, the first barrier may be spaced from either the rear face of the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate, or both.
[00119] The first barrier may be adhered to, or otherwise affixed to, the downstream end of the heat source and/or the upstream end of the aerosol forming substrate.
[00120] In certain preferred embodiments, the first barrier comprises a barrier coating over at least substantially the entire rear face of the combustible heat source. In such embodiments, the first barrier preferably comprises a barrier coating provided over at least substantially the entire rear face of the combustible heat source. More preferably, the first barrier comprises a barrier coating provided over the entire rear face of the combustible heat source.
[00121] As used in this document, the term "coating" is used to describe a layer of material that covers and is adhered to the combustible heat source.
[00122] The first barrier can advantageously limit the temperature to which the aerosol-forming substrate is exposed during ignition or combustion of the combustible heat source, thus helping to prevent or reduce thermal degradation or combustion of the aerosol forming substrate during use of the smoking article. This is particularly advantageous where the combustible heat source comprises one or more additives to assist in igniting the combustible heat source.
[00123] The inclusion of a first substantially air-impermeable non-combustible barrier between the rear face of the combustible heat source and the aerosol-forming substrate may also advantageously prevent or substantially inhibit the migration of components from the aerosol-forming substrate aerosol of smoking articles in accordance with the present invention to the combustible heat source during storage of smoking articles.
[00124] Alternatively to, or in addition to, the inclusion of a first substantially air-impermeable non-combustible barrier between the rear face of the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate may advantageously prevent or substantially inhibit the migration of components from the aerosol forming substrate of smoking articles according to the invention to the combustible heat source during use of the smoking articles.
[00125] The inclusion of a first substantially air-impermeable non-combustible barrier between the rear face of the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate may be particularly advantageous where the aerosol forming substrate comprises at least one aerosol former.
[00126] In such embodiments, the inclusion of a substantially airtight first non-combustible barrier between the rear face of the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate may advantageously prevent or inhibit migration of at least one aerosol former from the aerosol forming substrate to the combustible heat source during storage and use of the smoking article. Decomposition of at least one aerosol former during use of the smoking articles can, therefore, advantageously be substantially prevented or reduced.
[00127] Depending on the characteristics and performance desired for the smoking article, the first barrier may have a low thermal conductivity or a high thermal conductivity. In certain embodiments, the first barrier can be formed from a material that has a thermal conductivity by mass of between about 0.1 W per meter Kelvin (mWZ(mK)) and about 200 W per meter Kelvin (mWZ(mK) )), at 23°C and a relative humidity of 50%, as measured using the Modified Transient Flat Source (MTPS) method.
[00128] The thickness of the first barrier can be adjusted accordingly to achieve good smoke performance. In certain embodiments, the first barrier can be between about 10 microns and about 500 microns thick.
[00129] The first barrier may be formed from one or more suitable materials that are substantially thermally stable and non-combustible at temperatures reached by the combustible heat source during ignition and combustion. Suitable materials are known in the art and include, but are not limited to, clays (such as, for example, bentonite and kaolinite), glasses, minerals, ceramic materials, resins, metals and combinations thereof.
[00130] Preferred materials from which the barrier can be formed include clays and glasses. More preferred materials from which the barrier can be formed include copper, aluminum, stainless steel, alloys, alumina (Al2O3), resins and mineral glues.
[00131] In certain embodiments, the first barrier comprises a clay coating comprising a 50/50 mixture of bentonite and kaolinite provided on the rear face of the combustible heat source. In another preferred embodiment, the first barrier comprises a glass coating, more preferably a sintered glass coating, provided on the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[00132] In certain particularly preferred embodiments, the first barrier comprises an aluminum coating provided on the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[00133] Preferably, the first barrier has a thickness of at least about 10 microns.
[00134] Due to the slight permeability of clays to air, in embodiments where the first barrier comprises a clay coating provided on the rear face of the combustible heat source the clay coating is more preferably of a thickness of at least about 50 microns, and more preferably between about 50 microns and about 350 microns.
[00135] In embodiments where the first barrier is formed from one or more air-impermeable materials, such as aluminum, the first barrier may be thinner and preferably will generally have a thickness of less than about 100 microns and more preferably about 20 microns.
[00136] In embodiments where the barrier comprises a glass coating provided on the rear face of the combustible heat source, the glass coating preferably has a thickness of less than about 200 microns.
[00137] The thickness of the first barrier can be measured using a microscope, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or any other suitable measurement methods known in the art.
[00138] Where the first barrier comprises a first barrier coating provided on the rear face of the combustible heat source, the first barrier coating can be applied so as to cover and adhere to the rear face of the combustible heat source by means of any methods known in the art, including, but not limited to, spray coating, vapor deposition, dipping, material transfer (e.g. brushing or gluing), electrostatic deposition, or any combination thereof.
[00139] For example, the first barrier coating can be made by preforming a barrier in the approximate size and shape of the rear face of the fuel heat source, and applying it to the rear face of the fuel heat source to cover and adhere at least substantially to the entire rear face of the combustible heat source. Alternatively, the first barrier coating can be cut or otherwise tampered with after its application to the rear face of the combustible heat source. In a preferred embodiment, aluminum foil is applied to the rear face of the fuel heat source by gluing or pressing it to the fuel heat source, and it is cut or otherwise tampered with so that the aluminum foil covers and adheres to the skin. less substantially the entire rear face of the combustible heat source, rather than the rear face of the combustible heat source in its entirety.
[00140] In another preferred embodiment, the first barrier coating is formed by applying a solution or suspension of one or more suitable coating materials to the external face of the combustible heat source. For example, the first barrier coating can be applied to the rear face of the combustible heat source by immersing the rear face of the combustible heat source in a solution or suspension of one or more suitable coating materials or by brushing or spray coating a solution or suspension or electrostatically depositing a powder or powder mixture of one or more suitable coating materials on the external face of the combustible heat source. Where the first barrier coating is applied to the rear face of the fuel heat source by electrostatically depositing a powder or powder mixture of one or more suitable coating materials on the rear face of the fuel heat source, the rear face of the heat source fuel is preferably pretreated with water glass prior to electrostatic deposition. Preferably, the first barrier coating is applied by spray coating.
[00141] The first barrier coating can be formed by a single application of a solution or suspension of one or more suitable coating materials to the rear face of the combustible heat source. Alternatively, the first barrier coating can be formed by multiple applications of a solution or suspension of one or more suitable coating materials to the rear face of the combustible heat source. For example, the first barrier coating can be formed by one, two, three, four, five, six, seven or eight successive applications of a solution or suspension of one or more suitable coating materials to the rear face of the combustible heat source. .
[00142] Preferably, the first barrier coating is formed by between one and ten applications of a solution or suspension of one or more suitable coating materials to the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[00143] After applying the solution or suspension of one or more coating materials to the rear face thereof, the combustible heat source can be dried to form the first barrier coating.
[00144] Where the first barrier coating is formed by multiple applications of a solution or suspension of one or more suitable coating materials to the rear face of the same, the combustible heat source may need to be dried between successive applications of the solution or suspension .
[00145] Alternatively to, or in addition to drying, after applying a solution or suspension of one or more coating materials to the rear face of the fuel heat source, the coating material in the fuel heat source may be sintered so to form the first barrier coating. Sintering the first barrier coating is particularly preferred where the first barrier coating is a glass or ceramic coating. Preferably, the first barrier coating is sintered at a temperature between about 500°C and about 900°C, and more preferably at about 700°C.
Smoking articles according to the invention may comprise non-blind combustible heat source. As used herein, the term "not soon" is used to describe a combustible heat source including at least one airflow channel extending from the front face to the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[00147] As used herein, the term "airflow channel" is used to describe a channel that extends along the length of a combustible heat source through which air can be drawn downstream for inhalation by the user.
[00148] In smoking articles according to the invention comprising an unblinded combustible heat source, heating of the aerosol-forming substrate takes place by conduction and by forced convection.
[00149] One or more airflow channels may comprise one or more attached airflow channels.
[00150] As used herein, the term "attached" is used to describe air flow channels that extend through the interior of the non-blind combustible heat source and are surrounded by the non-blind combustible heat source.
[00151] Alternatively, or in addition to the one or more airflow channels may comprise one or more unclosed airflow channels. For example, one or more air flow channels may comprise one or more grooves or further unclosed air flow channels extending along the exterior of the unblinded combustible heat source.
[00152] One or more airflow channels may include one or more closed airflow channels or one or more unclosed airflow channels or a combination thereof.
[00153] In some embodiments, smoking articles according to the invention may comprise one, two or three air flow channels extending from the front face to the rear face of the unblinded combustible heat source.
[00154] In certain preferred embodiments, smoking articles in accordance with the invention comprise a single air flow channel extending from the front face to the rear face of the unblinded combustible heat source.
[00155] In certain especially preferred embodiments, smoking articles in accordance with the invention comprise a single substantially central or axial air flow channel extending from the front face to the rear face of the unblinded combustible heat source.
In such embodiments, the diameter of the single airflow channel is preferably between about 1.5 mm and about 3 mm.
[00157] It should be noted that, in addition to the one or more air flow channels through which air can be drawn in for inhalation by a user, smoking articles according to the invention may comprise non-heat sources. blinds comprising one or more closed or blocked passages through which air cannot be drawn in for inhalation by the user.
[00158] For example, smoking articles according to the invention may comprise non-blind heat sources comprising one or more air flow channels extending from the front face to the rear face of the combustible heat source and one or more pathways passageways extending from the front face of the combustible heat source do not blind to only half the length of the combustible heat source.
[00159] The inclusion of one or more closed air passages increases the surface area of the unblinded combustible heat source that is exposed to oxygen in the air and can advantageously facilitate the continued combustion ignition of the unblinded combustible heat source.
[00160] Where smoking articles according to the invention comprise non-blinding combustible heat source and a first non-combustible and substantially air-tight barrier between the rear face of the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate, the first barrier shall allowing air entering the smoking article through the one or more air flow channels to be drawn downstream through the smoking article.
[00161] As an alternative to, or in addition to, a first non-combustible and substantially air-tight barrier between the rear face of the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate, smoking articles according to the invention comprising a combustible heat source non-blind may comprise a second, non-combustible and substantially air-impermeable barrier between the non-blind combustible heat source and the one or more air flow channels.
[00162] The second barrier can advantageously and substantially prevent or inhibit combustion and decomposition products formed during ignition and combustion of the unblinded combustible heat source from entering air drawn into the interior of smoking articles in accordance with invention through the one or more airflow channels as engulfed air passes through the one or more airflow channels. This is particularly advantageous where the non-blinded combustible heat source comprises one or more additives to aid in the ignition or combustion of the non-blinded combustible heat source.
[00163] The inclusion of a second non-combustible substantially airtight barrier between the non-blinding heat source and the one or more air flow channels may also advantageously and substantially prevent or inhibit activation of combustion the combustible heat source does not blind during user drags. This can prevent or inhibit spikes in the temperature of the aerosol forming substrate during puffs by a user.
[00164] By preventing or inhibiting the combustion activation of the non-blinded combustible heat source, thereby preventing or inhibiting excessive temperature increases in the aerosol-forming substrate, one can advantageously avoid combustion or pyrolysis of the aerosol forming substrate under intense blowing regimes. Furthermore, the impact of a user's puff regimen on the main aerosol composition can be advantageously minimized or reduced.
[00165] The second barrier may be adhered or otherwise affixed to the non-blind combustible heat source.
[00166] In given embodiments, the second barrier comprises a second substantially air-impermeable non-combustible barrier coating provided on an inner surface with one or more air flow channels. In such embodiments, preferably the second barrier comprises a second barrier coating provided over at least substantially the entire front surface of the one or more airflow channels. More preferably, the second barrier comprises a second barrier coating provided over the entire inner surface of the one or more airflow channels.
[00167] In other embodiments, the second barrier coating may be provided by inserting a liner within the one or more airflow channels. For example, where the one or more air flow channels comprise one or more closed air flow channels extending within the combustible heat source, a hollow non-combustible tube substantially impermeable to air may be inserted into each of the airflow channels.
[00168] Depending on the performance and desired characteristics of the smoking article, the second barrier may have low thermal conductivity or high thermal conductivity. Preferably, the second barrier has a low thermal conductivity.
[00169] The thickness of the second barrier can be adjusted accordingly to achieve good smoke performance. In certain embodiments, the second barrier can be between about 30 microns and about 200 microns thick. In a preferred embodiment, the second barrier is between about 30 microns and about 100 microns thick.
[00170] The second barrier may be formed from one or more suitable materials that are substantially thermally stable and non-combustible at the temperatures reached by the non-blind combustible heat source during ignition and combustion. Suitable materials are known in the art and include, but are not limited to, for example: clays; metal oxides such as iron oxide, alumina, titania, silica, silica-alumina, zirconia and ceria; zeolites; zirconium phosphate; and other ceramic materials or combinations thereof.
[00171] Preferred materials from which the second barrier can be formed include clays, glasses, aluminum, iron oxide and combinations thereof. If desired, catalytic ingredients, such as ingredients that promote the oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide, can be incorporated into the second barrier. Suitable catalytic ingredients include, but are not limited to, for example, platinum, palladium, transition metals and their oxides.
[00172] Where the second barrier comprises a second barrier coating provided on an inner surface of one or more air flow channels, the second barrier coating may be applied to the inner surface of one or more air flow channels by any suitable method, such as the methods described in US-A-5,040,551. For example, the inner surface of the one or more airflow channels can be sprayed, moistened or painted with a solution or suspension of the second barrier coating. In certain preferred embodiments, the second barrier coating is applied to the surface of the one or more air flow channels by the process described in WO-A2-2009/074870 as the combustible heat source is extruded.
Alternatively, smoking articles according to the invention may comprise a blind combustible heat source. As used in this document, the term "blind" is used to describe a combustible heat source that does not include any airflow channel that extends from the front face to the back face of the combustible heat source.
[00174] In use, air drawn through smoking articles according to the invention comprising a blind combustible heat source for inhalation by a user does not pass through any air flow channel along the combustible heat source blind. The lack of any air flow channel through the blind combustible heat source substantially and advantageously prevents or inhibits activation of combustion from the blind combustible heat source during puffs by a user. This substantially prevents or inhibits spikes in the temperature of the aerosol-forming substrate during blowing by a user.
[00175] By preventing or inhibiting the combustion activation of the blind combustible heat source, and therefore preventing or inhibiting excessive temperature increases in the aerosol forming substrate, it can be advantageously avoided combustion or pyrolysis of the aerosol formation substrate under intense blowing regimes. Furthermore, the impact of a user's puff regimen on the main aerosol composition can be advantageously minimized or reduced.
[00176] The inclusion of a blind combustible heat source may also, and advantageously, inhibit or prevent combustion and decomposition products and other materials formed during ignition and combustion of the blind combustible heat source from entering air drawn through the articles for smoking and according to the invention during use thereof. This is particularly advantageous where the blind combustible heat source comprises one or more additives to assist in igniting the blind combustible heat source.
[00177] In smoking articles according to the invention, which comprise blunt combustible heat sources, heat transfer from the blunt combustible heat source to the aerosol forming substrate occurs mainly by conduction, and heating of the forming substrate aerosol by forced convection is minimized or reduced. This can advantageously help to minimize or reduce the impact of the user's puff regimen on the main aerosol composition of smoking articles in accordance with the invention.
[00178] In smoking articles according to the invention which comprise a blind combustible heat source, it is particularly important to optimize the conductive heat transfer between the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate. The inclusion of a second heat conducting element has been shown to have a particularly beneficial effect on the smoke performance of smoking articles that include blind heat sources where there is little or no heating of the aerosol forming substrate by forced convection.
[00179] It should be noted that smoking articles according to the invention may comprise blunt combustible heat sources comprising one or more passageways through which air may not be drawn in upon inhalation by a user .
[00180] For example, smoking articles according to the invention may comprise blind heat sources comprising one or more closed passages extending from the rear face at the upstream end of the blind combustible heat source to only half of the length of the blind combustible heat source.
[00181] The inclusion of one or more closed air passages increases the surface area of the blind combustible heat source that is exposed to oxygen in the air and can advantageously facilitate continued combustion ignition of the blind combustible heat source.
[00182] Preferably, the combustible heat source is a carbonaceous heat source. As used herein, the term "carbonaceous" is used to describe a combustible heat source that comprises carbon. Preferably, carbonaceous combustible heat sources for use in smoking articles according to the invention have a carbon content of at least about 35 percent, more preferably at least about 40 percent, most preferably at least about 40 percent. 45 percent dry weight of the combustible heat source.
[00183] In some embodiments, combustible heat sources according to the invention are carbon-based combustible heat sources. As used herein, the term "carbon-based heat source" is used to describe a heat source composed primarily of carbon.
[00184] Carbon-based combustible heat sources for use in smoking articles according to the invention have a carbon content of at least about 50%. For example, carbon-based combustible heat sources for use in smoking articles according to the invention may have a carbon content of at least about 60 percent, more preferably at least about 70 percent, or at least about 70 percent. less about 80 percent of the dry weight of the carbon-based fuel heat source.
Smoking articles according to the invention may comprise carbonaceous combustible heat sources formed from one or more suitable carbon-containing materials.
[00186] If desired, one or more binders can be combined with one or more carbon-containing materials. Preferably, one or more binders are organic binders. Known suitable organic binders include, but are not limited to, gums (eg, guar gum), modified celluloses and cellulose derivatives (eg, methyl cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), wheat flour, starches, sugars, vegetable oils and combinations thereof.
[00187] In a preferred embodiment, the fuel heat source is formed from a mixture of carbon powder, modified cellulose, wheat flour and sugar.
[00188] Instead of or in addition to one or more binders, combustible heat sources for use in smoking articles according to the invention may comprise one or more additives in order to improve the properties of the combustible heat source. Suitable additives include, but are not limited to, additives to promote consolidation of the combustible heat source (e.g., sintering aids), additives to promote ignition of the combustible heat source (e.g., oxidizers such as perchlorates, chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, zirconium and combinations thereof), additives to promote combustion of the combustible heat source (eg potassium and potassium salts such as potassium citrate) and additives to promote the decomposition of one or more produced gases by combustion of the combustible heat source (eg catalysts such as CuO, Fe2O3 and Al2O3).
[00189] Where smoking articles according to the invention comprise a first barrier coating on the rear face of the fuel heat source, such additives may be incorporated into the fuel heat source prior to or after application of the first barrier coating to the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[00190] In certain preferred embodiments, the combustible heat source is a carbonaceous combustible heat source comprising carbon and at least one ignition aid. In certain preferred embodiments, the combustible heat source is a carbonaceous combustible heat source comprising carbon and at least one ignition aid as described in WO-A1-2012/164077.
[00191] As used herein, the term "ignition aid" is used to denote a material that releases oxygen and/or energy during ignition of the heat source, fuel where the rate of release of energy and/or oxygen by the material is not limited by ambient oxygen diffusion. In other words, the rate of release of oxygen and/or energy by the material during ignition of the combustible heat source is largely independent of the rate at which ambient oxygen can reach the material. As used herein, the term "ignition aid" is also used to denote an elemental metal that releases energy during ignition of the combustible heat source, where the ignition temperature of the elemental metal is less than about 500 °C , and the heat of combustion of the elemental metal is at least about 5 kJ/g.
[00192] As used herein, the term "ignition aid" does not include alkali metal salts of carboxylic acids (such as alkali metal citrate, alkali metal acetate and alkali metal succinate), alkali metal halide (such as alkali metal chloride), alkali metal carbonate or alkali metal phosphate salts, which are believed to modify carbon combustion. Even when present in a large amount relative to the total weight of the combustible heat source, such metal-burning alkali metals do not release enough energy during ignition of a combustible heat source to produce an acceptable aerosol during the first few puffs.
[00193] Examples of suitable oxidizing agents include, but are not limited to: nitrates such as potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, strontium nitrate, sodium nitrate, barium nitrate, lithium nitrate, aluminum nitrate and iron nitrate; nitrites; other organic and inorganic nitro compounds; chlorates such as, for example, sodium chlorate and potassium chlorate; perchlorates such as, for example, sodium perchlorate; chlorides; bromates, such as, for example, sodium bromate and potassium bromate; perbromates; bromides; borates, such as, for example, sodium borate and potassium borate; ferrates, such as, for example, barium ferrate; ferrite; manganates, such as, for example, potassium manganate; permanganates, such as, for example, potassium permanganate; organic peroxides, such as, for example, benzoyl peroxide and acetone peroxide; inorganic peroxides, such as, for example, hydrogen peroxide, strontium peroxide, magnesium peroxide, calcium peroxide, barium peroxide, zinc peroxide and lithium peroxide; superoxides, such as, for example, potassium superoxide and sodium superoxide; iodates; periodates; iodides; sulfates; sulfites; other sulfoxides; phosphates; phosphinates; phosphites; and phosphanates.
[00194] The inclusion of ignition and combustion additives, while advantageously improving the ignition and combustion properties of the combustible heat source, can give rise to undesirable combustion and decomposition products during use of the smoking article. For example, the decomposition of nitrates included in the combustible heat source to help ignite it can result in the formation of nitrogen oxides.
[00195] The inclusion of a first substantially air-impermeable non-combustible barrier between the rear face of the combustible heat source and the aerosol-forming substrate can substantially and advantageously prevent or inhibit such decomposition and reaction products from entering the air puffed through the smoking articles according to the invention.
[00196] Where smoking articles according to the invention comprise a non-blind combustible heat source, the inclusion of a second substantially air-impermeable non-combustible barrier between one or more air flow channels and the non-blind combustible heat source can substantially and advantageously inhibit or prevent such reaction products from entering the puffed air into smoking articles according to the invention through one or more air flow channels as puffed air passes through one or more airflow channels.
[00197] Carbonaceous combustible heat sources for use in smoking articles according to the invention can be prepared as described in the prior art known to individuals moderately skilled in the art.
[00198] Carbonaceous combustible heat sources for use in smoking articles according to the invention are preferably formed by blending one or more carbon-containing materials with one or more binders and other additives, where included, and to preform the mixture into a desired shape. The mixture of one or more materials containing carbon, one or more binders and other optional additives can be preformed into a desired shape using any known ceramic forming method, such as slip, extrusion, molding by injection and compaction or press. In certain preferred embodiments, the mixture is preformed into a desired shape by means of press or extrusion or a combination thereof.
[00199] Preferably, the mixture of one or more carbon-containing materials, one or more binders and other additives is preformed into an elongated rod. However, it should be noted that the mixture of one or more materials containing carbon or more binders and other additives can be preformed into other desired shapes.
[00200] After formation, particularly after extrusion, the elongated rod or any other desired shape is preferably dried to reduce its moisture content and then pyrolyzed in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature sufficient to carbonize one or more binders, where present , and substantially eliminate any volatile compounds in the elongated rod or other shape. The elongated rod, or other desired shape, is preferably pyrolyzed in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of between about 700°C and about 900°C.
[00201] In certain embodiments, at least one metal nitrate salt is incorporated into the fuel heat source by including at least one metal nitrate precursor in the mixture of one or more carbon-containing materials, one or more binders and other additives. The at least one metal nitrate precursor is then converted in-situ to the at least one metal nitrate salt by treating the preformed cylindrical rod, or any other pyrolyzed shape, with an aqueous solution of nitric acid. In one embodiment, the combustible heat source comprises at least one metal nitrate salt having a thermal decomposition temperature of less than about 600°C, more preferably less than about 400°C. preferably, at least one metal nitrate salt has a decomposition temperature between about 150°C and about 600°C, more preferably between about 200°C and about 400°C.
[00202] In preferred embodiments, exposure of the combustible heat source to a conventional lighter flame or any other means of ignition should cause at least one metal nitrate salt to decompose and release oxygen and energy. Such decomposition causes an initial rise in the temperature of the combustible heat source and also assists in igniting the combustible heat source. After the decomposition of at least one metal nitrate salt, the combustible heat source preferably continues combustion at a lower temperature.
[00203] The inclusion of at least one metal nitrate salt advantageously results in ignition of the combustible heat source being initiated internally, and not just at a point on the surface thereof. Preferably, at least one metal nitrate salt is present in the fuel heat source in an amount of between about 20 percent dry weight and about 50 percent dry weight of the fuel heat source.
[00204] In other embodiments, the combustible heat source comprises at least one peroxide or superoxide that actively evolves oxygen at a temperature of less than about 600 °C, more preferably at a temperature of less than about 400 °C.
[00205] Preferably, the at least one peroxide or superoxide actively evolves oxygen at a temperature of between about 150°C and about 600°C, more preferably at a temperature of between about 200°C and about 400 °C, more preferably at a temperature of about 350 °C.
[00206] In use, exposure of the combustible heat source to a yellow flame of a conventional lighter or any other means of ignition must cause at least one peroxide or superoxide to decompose and release oxygen. This causes an initial rise in the temperature of the combustible heat source and also assists in igniting a combustible heat source. After the decomposition of at least one peroxide or superoxide, the combustible heat source preferably continues its combustion at a lower temperature.
[00207] The inclusion of at least one peroxide or superoxide advantageously results in the ignition of the combustible heat source being initiated internally, and not just at a point on its surface.
The combustible heat source preferably has a porosity of between about 20 percent and about 80 percent, more preferably between about 20 percent and 60 percent. Where the combustible heat source comprises at least one metal nitrate salt, this advantageously allows oxygen to diffuse into the mass of the combustible heat source at a rate sufficient to maintain combustion while at least one metal nitrate salt decomposes the combustion continues. Even more preferably, the combustible heat source has a porosity of between about 50 percent and about 70 percent, more preferably between about 50 percent and about 60 percent as measured by, for example, mercury porosimetry or helium pycnometry. The required porosity can be easily achieved during the production of the combustible heat source using conventional technology and methods.
Advantageously, carbonaceous combustible heat sources for use in smoking articles according to the invention have a bulk density of between about 0.6 g/cm3 and about 1 g/cm3.
Preferably, the combustible heat source has a mass between about 300 mg and about 500 mg, more preferably between about 400 mg and about 450 mg.
Preferably, the combustible heat sources according to the invention have a length of between about 7 mm and about 17 mm, more preferably between about 7 mm and about 15 mm, more preferably between about 7 mm and about 13 mm.
[00212] Preferably, the combustible heat source has a diameter of between about 5 mm and about 9 mm, more preferably between about 7 mm and about 8 mm.
[00213] Preferably, the heat source is of substantially uniform diameter. However, the combustible heat source can alternatively be tapered so that the diameter of a back of the blind combustible heat source is greater than the diameter of a front of the same. Particularly preferred are substantially cylindrical heat sources. The heat source may, for example, be a tapered cylinder or cylinder of substantially circular cross section or a tapered cylinder or cylinder of substantially elliptical cross section.
[00214] Preferably, smoking articles according to the invention comprise aerosol former substrates comprising at least one aerosol former and a material capable of emitting volatile compounds in reaction to heating. The herbal material may contain additives, including but not limited to humectants, flavors, binders and mixtures thereof.
Preferably, the aerosol-forming substrate comprises nicotine. More preferably, the aerosol forming substrate comprises tobacco.
[00216] The at least one aerosol former can be any suitable known compound or mixture of compounds which, in use, facilitates the formation of a dense and stable aerosol, and which is substantially resistant to thermal degradation at the operating temperature of the smoking article. Suitable aerosol formers are well known in the art and include, for example, polyhydric alcohols, esters of polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol mono-, dior triacetate and aliphatic esters of mono-, di- or polycarboxylic acids. such as dimethyl dodecanedioate and dimethyl tetradecanedioate. Preferred aerosol formers for use in smoking articles in accordance with the invention are polyhydric alcohols or mixtures thereof, such as triethylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol and, most preferably, glycerin.
[00217] The material capable of emitting volatile compounds in response to heating can be a load of plant-based material. The material capable of emitting volatile compounds in response to heating may be a homogenized vegetable-based material charge. For example, the aerosol forming substrate can comprise one or more plant-derived materials, including, but not limited to: tobacco; tea, for example green tea; mint; blond; eucalyptus; basil; saves; verbena; and tarragon.
[00218] Preferably, the material capable of emitting volatile compounds in response to heating is a load of tobacco-based material, more preferably a load of homogenized tobacco-based material.
[00219] The aerosol forming substrate may be in the form of a plug or segment comprising a material capable of emitting volatile compounds in response to heating circumscribed by a paper or other envelope. As stated above, whenever an aerosol-forming substrate is in the form of such a plug or segment, the entire plug or segment, including any casing, will be considered to be the aerosol-forming substrate.
Preferably, the aerosol forming substrate has a length between about 5 mm and about 20 mm, more preferably between about 8 mm and about 12 mm.
[00221] In preferred embodiments, the aerosol forming substrate comprises a plug of tobacco-based material wrapped in a plug wrap. In specific preferred embodiments, the aerosol forming substrate comprises a plug of homogenized tobacco-based material wrapped in a plug wrap.
Smoking articles according to the invention preferably comprise a nozzle downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate. The mouthpiece is located at the proximal end of the smoking article.
[00223] Preferably, the nozzle is of low filtration efficiency, more preferably of very low filtration efficiency. The nozzle can be a single segment or a single component nozzle. Alternatively, the nozzle can be a multi-threaded or multi-component nozzle.
[00224] The nozzle may comprise, for example, a filter comprising one or more segments, which contain known suitable filtration materials. Suitable filtration materials are known in the art and include, but are not limited to, cellulose acetate and paper. Alternatively, or in addition, the mouthpiece may comprise one or more segments comprising absorbents, adsorbents, flavorings and other aerosol modifying additives or combinations thereof.
Smoking articles according to the invention preferably further comprise a transfer element or spacer element between the aerosol-forming substrate and the mouthpiece.
[00226] The transfer element may touch the aerosol-forming substrate and/or the nozzle. Alternatively, the transfer element may be spaced from the aerosol-forming substrate and/or the nozzle.
[00227] The inclusion of a transfer element advantageously allows the cooling of the aerosol generated by the transfer of heat from the fuel heat source to the aerosol forming substrate. The inclusion of a transfer element also advantageously allows the overall length of smoking articles according to the invention to be adjusted to a desired value, for example to a length similar to that of conventional cigarettes, by a suitable choice of length of the transfer element.
[00228] The transfer element may have a length of between about 7 mm and about 50 mm, for example a length of between about 10 mm and about 45 mm or between about 15 mm and about 30 mm . The transfer element may have other lengths, depending on the overall desired length of the smoking article, and the presence and length of the other components within the smoking article.
[00229] Preferably, the transfer element comprises at least one hollow tubular body with open ends. In such embodiments, during use, air drawn through the smoking article passes through the at least one hollow tubular body with open ends as it passes downstream through the smoking article from the aerosol forming substrate to the proximal end thereof. .
[00230] The transfer element may comprise at least one open-ended hollow tubular body formed from one or more materials substantially thermosetting at the temperature of the aerosol generated by transferring heat from the combustible heat source to the aerosol forming substrate. Suitable materials are known in the art and include, but are not limited to, paper, paperboard, plastics such as cellulose acetate, ceramics and combinations thereof.
[00231] Alternatively or additionally, smoking articles according to the invention may comprise an aerosol cooling element or heat exchanger between the aerosol forming substrate and the mouthpiece. The aerosol cooling element may comprise a plurality of longitudinally extending channels.
[00232] The aerosol cooling element may comprise a grouped plate of material selected from the group consisting of metallic foil, polymeric material and substantially non-porous paper or paperboard. In certain embodiments, the aerosol cooling element may comprise a grouped plate of material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polylactic acid (PLA), cellulose acetate (CA), and aluminum foil.
[00233] In certain preferred embodiments, the aerosol cooling element may comprise a grouped plate of biodegradable polymeric material such as polylactic acid (PLA) or a grade of Mater-Bi® (a family of commercially available starch-based copolyesters ).
Smoking articles according to the invention may comprise one or more aerosol modifying agents downstream of the aerosol forming substrate. For example, one or more of the mouthpiece, transfer element and aerosol cooling element of smoking articles according to the invention may comprise one or more aerosol modifying agents.
Suitable aerosol modifying agents include, but are not limited to: flavorings, and chemoaesthetic agents.
As used herein, the term "flavoring" is used to describe any agent which, when in use, imparts flavor and/or aroma to an aerosol generated by the aerosol forming substrate of the smoking article.
[00237] As used herein, the term "chemoaesthetic agent" is used to describe any agent that, when in use, is perceived in a user's oral or olfactory cavities by means other than, or in addition to, perception via taste receptor or receptor olfactory cells. Perception of chemoesthetic agents is typically through a "trigeminal reaction," or through the trigeminal nerve, the glossopharyngeal nerve, the vagus nerve, or some combination of these. Typically, chemoesthetic agents are perceived as hot, spicy, refreshing, or soothing sensations.
Smoking articles according to the invention may comprise one or more aerosol modifying agents which are a flavoring and a chemoesthetic agent downstream of the aerosol forming substrate. For example, one or more of the mouthpiece, transfer element and aerosol cooling element of smoking articles according to the invention may comprise menthol or other flavoring which provides a chemoaesthetic cooling effect.
Smoking articles according to the invention can be assembled using known methods and machinery.
[00240] The invention will be described below, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[00241] Figure 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a smoking article according to a first embodiment of the invention;
[00242] Figure 2 shows a graph of total distributions of aerosol former and nicotine for smoking articles according to the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 1.
[00243] The smoking article 2, according to the first embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 1, comprises a blind combustible heat source 4 with a front face 6 and an opposite face 8, an aerosol forming substrate 10, an element tube 12, in aerosol cooling element 14, a spacer element 16 and a nozzle 18 in contiguous coaxial alignment. As shown in Figure 1, the aerosol forming substrate 10, transfer element 12, aerosol cooling element 14, spacer element 16 and nozzle 18, and a rear part of the blind fuel heat source 4 are wrapped in an outer shell 20 of the board material such as, for example, low air permeability cigarette paper. It will be contemplated that, in other embodiments of the invention (not shown), the outer shell 20 may be omitted.
[00244] The blind combustible heat source 4 is a blind carbonaceous combustible heat source and is located at the distal end of the smoking article 2. As shown in Figure 1, a first substantially airtight non-combustible barrier 22 in the form of a aluminum foil disk is provided between the rear face 8 of the blind fuel heat source 4 and the aerosol forming substrate 10. The first barrier 22 is applied to the rear face 8 of the blind fuel heat source 4 by pressing the aluminum foil disk to the rear face 8 of the blind fuel heat source 4 and is contiguous with the rear face 8 of the carbonaceous fuel heat source 4 and the aerosol forming substrate 10.
[00245] The aerosol forming substrate 10 is located immediately downstream of the first barrier 22 applied to the rear face 8 of the blind fuel heat source 4. The aerosol forming substrate 10 comprises a cylindrical plug of homogenized tobacco-based material 24, which includes an aerosol former such as, for example, glycerin, packaged in a plug casing 26.
The transfer element 12 is located immediately downstream of the aerosol forming substrate 10 and comprises a hollow cylindrical open-ended cellulose acetate tube 28.
The aerosol cooler element 14 is located immediately downstream of the transfer element 12 and comprises a grouped sheet of biodegradable polymeric material such as, for example, polylactic acid.
[00248] The spacer element 16 is located downstream of the aerosol cooler element 14 and comprises a hollow cylindrical open-end tube of paperboard or paper 30.
The mouthpiece 18 is located immediately downstream of the spacer element 16. As shown in Figure 1, the mouthpiece 18 is located at the proximal end of the smoking article 2 and comprises a cylindrical plug of suitable filtration material 32, such as such as very low filtration efficiency cellulose acetate fiber packaged in a filter plug casing 34.
[00250] The smoking article may further comprise a tip paper strip (not shown) circumscribing a portion at the downstream end of the outer shell 20.
[00251] As shown in Figure 1, the smoking article 2 further comprises a first heat-conducting element 36 of suitable material such as, for example, aluminum foil around and in direct contact with a rear part 4b of the combustible heat source blind 4 and a front 10a of the aerosol-forming substrate 10. The smoking article 2 according to the first embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 1, the aerosol-forming substrate 10 extends downstream beyond the heat-conducting element 36. That is, the first heat-conducting element 36 is not around or in direct contact with a backside of the aerosol-forming substrate 10. However, it should be appreciated that in other embodiments of the invention (not shown) , the first heat-conducting element 36 may be around and in contact with the entire length of the aerosol-forming substrate 10.
[00252] As shown in Figure 1, the smoking article 2 further comprises a second heat conducting element 38 around a rear portion of the blind fuel heat source 4, the entire length of the aerosol forming substrate 10 and the entire length of the transfer element 12. The smoking article 2 according to the first embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 1, the second heat-conducting element 34 extends to approximately the same position in the blind combustible heat source 4 as the first element. heat conductor 36 in the upstream direction, so that the upstream ends of the first heat-conducting element 36 and the second heat-conducting element 38 are substantially aligned over the blind combustible heat source 4. it will be appreciated that in other embodiments of the invention (not shown), the first heat-conducting element 36 may extend beyond the second heat-conducting element 38 towards the upstream, so that the rear portion 4b of the blind combustible heat source circumscribed by the first heat-conducting element 36 is larger than the rear portion of the combustible heat source circumscribed by the second heat-conducting element 38.
[00253] The second heat-conducting element 38 is a double-layer laminated material comprising an inner layer 38a of heat-insulating material such as, for example, paper, and an outer layer 38b of heat-insulating material, such as, for example, aluminum . As shown in Figure 1, the first heat-conducting element 36 and the outer layer 38b of the heat-conductive material of the second heat-conducting element 38 are radially separated by the inner layer 38a of the heat-insulating material of the second heat-conducting element 38 which is located between the first heat-conducting element 36 and the outer layer 38b of the heat-conductive material of the second heat-conducting element 38.
The smoking article 2, according to the first embodiment of the invention, comprises one or more first air inlets 40 around the periphery of the aerosol-forming substrate 10.
[00255] As shown in Figure 1, a circumferential arrangement of first air inlets 40 is provided on the plug housing 26 of the aerosol forming substrate 10, the inner layer 38a of thermal insulating material and the outer layer 38b of heat-conducting material of the second heat-conducting element 38, and the overlying outer casing 20, to admit fresh air (represented by the dotted arrows in Figure 1) within the aerosol forming substrate 10. It will be contemplated that in other embodiments of the invention (not shown), in which the first heat-conducting element 36 is around and in direct contact with the entire length of the aerosol forming substrate 10, a circumferential arrangement of the first air inlets 40 may be provided in the plug housing 26 of the aerosol forming substrate 10, the first heat-conducting element 36, the inner layer 38a of the heat insulating material and the outer layer 38b of the heat insulating material of the second heat-conducting element 38, and the overlying outer shell 20 to allow for cooled air within the aerosol-forming substrate 10.
[00256] When in use, a user ignites the blind combustible heat source 4 of the smoking article 2 according to the first embodiment of the invention and then draws into the mouthpiece 18. When the user draws into the mouthpiece 18, the air Fresh (shown by the dotted arrows in Figure 1) is drawn into the aerosol-forming substrate 10 of the smoking article 2 through the first air inlets 40.
[00257] The front part 10a of the aerosol forming substrate 10 is heated by conduction through the rear part 8 of the blind fuel heat source 4 and the first barrier 22 and the first heat conducting element 36.
[00258] Heating the aerosol-forming substrate 10 by conduction releases glycerin and other volatile and semi-volatile compounds from the plug of tobacco-based homogenized material 24. The compounds released from the aerosol-forming substrate 10 form an aerosol that enters the air drawn into the aerosol-forming substrate 10 of the smoking article 2 through the first air inlets 40 as it flows through the aerosol-forming substrate 10. The entrained air and entrained aerosol (shown by dotted arrows in Figures 1a) and 2 ) passes, in a downstream direction, through the interior of the hollow open-end cellulose acetate tote tube 28 of the transfer element 12, the aerosol cooling element 14 and the spacer element 16, where they cool and condense. if. The cooled aerosol and entrained aerosol pass downstream through the mouthpiece 18 and are delivered to the user through the proximal end of the smoking article 2 in accordance with the first embodiment of the invention. The first non-combustible and substantially airtight barrier 22 on the rear face 8 of the blind combustible heat source 4 isolates the blind combustible heat source 4 from air drawn through the smoking article 2 so that, when in use, the air inhaled through the smoking article 2 does not come into direct contact with the blind combustible heat source 4.
[00259] In use, the second heat-conducting element 38 retains heat within the smoking article 2 to help maintain the temperature of the heat-conducting element 36 during smoking. This, in turn, aids in maintaining the temperature of the aerosol forming substrate 10 so as to facilitate continued and improved aerosol delivery. In addition, the second heat-conducting element 38 transfers heat along the aerosol-forming substrate 10, beyond the downstream end of the first heat-conducting element 36 so that heat is dispersed by a larger volume of the aerosol-forming substrate 10 This aids in providing a more consistent puff-to-puff aerosol delivery.Examples AD
Smoking articles according to the first embodiment of the invention comprising a circumferential arrangement of first air inlets around the periphery of the substrate are arranged having the dimensions shown in Table 1. The smoking articles are arranged without an outer casing , so that the outer layer of the second heat-conducting element is visible on the outside of the smoking articles. The location of the circumferential arrangement of the first air inlets around the periphery of the aerosol-forming substrate in the smoking articles is shown by the arrows marked A, B, C and D, respectively, in Figure 1. Comparative Example E
[00261] For comparison purposes, a smoking article not in accordance with the invention is assembled having the dimensions shown in Table 1. The smoking article not in accordance with the invention differs from the smoking articles in accordance with the invention of Examples AD in that it comprises a circumferential arrangement of third air inlets around the periphery of the cellulose acetate open-ended hollow cylindrical tube of the transfer element, rather than a circumferential arrangement of first air inlets. air around the periphery of the aerosol-forming substrate. The location of the circumferential arrangement of third air inlets around the periphery of the cellulose acetate tow open-ended cylindrical tube of the transfer element is shown by the arrow labeled E in Figure 1.
[00262] When a user draws into the mouthpiece of a smoking article which is not in accordance with the invention, fresh air is drawn into the hollow cylindrical cellulose acetate open-end tube of the transfer element of the smoking article through of the third air intakes. The inhaled air passes upstream through the hollow cylindrical cellulose acetate tube with open ends to the aerosol forming substrate. The engulfed air then passes downstream through the aerosol forming substrate into the cylindrical hollow cellulose acetate tube with open ends of the transfer element, the aerosol cooling element, the spacer element, and the nozzle and is distributed to the user through the proximal end of the smoking article.


Table 1
The total glycerine and nicotine distributions of the smoking articles according to the invention of Examples AD and the smoking article not in accordance with the invention of Comparative Example E are measured. The results are shown in Figure 2 and Table 2. To measure total glycerine and nicotine distributions, smoking articles are lit using a conventional yellow flame lighter and consumed under a Health Canada smoking regimen over 12 puffs with a 55 ml puff volume, 2 second puff duration and 30 second puff interval using a smoking machine. Smoking conditions and smoke machine specifications are set forth in ISO Standard 3308 (ISO 3308:2000). The atmosphere for conditioning and testing is set forth in ISO Standard 3402.
[00264] During the smoking shift, the glycerin and nicotine present in the main aerosol are trapped in a fiberglass filter disc (Cambridge Pad). After the smoking shift, the glycerin and nicotine are extracted from the fiberglass filter disc using an alcohol solution. The solution is then analyzed, with the glycerin and nicotine being quantified, using a gas chromatography method.
[00265] As shown in Figure 2 and Table 2, the inclusion of one or more first air inlets around the periphery of the aerosol-forming substrate increases the total glycerine and nicotine distributions of the smoking articles according to the invention of the Examples AD compared to the smoking article not in accordance with the invention of Comparative E, in which one or more third air inlets are provided downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate.
Table 2
[00266] The specific embodiments described above are intended to illustrate the invention. However, other embodiments can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims, and it is to be understood that the specific embodiments described above are not intended to be limiting.

权利要求:
Claims (22)
[0001]
1. A smoking article (2) comprising: a combustible heat source (4) having opposite front (6) and rear (8) faces; an aerosol forming substrate (10) downstream of the rear face (8) of the combustible heat source (4); a nozzle (18) downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate (10); a transfer element (12) between the aerosol-forming substrate (10) and the nozzle (18); having a first heat-conducting element (36) circumscribing a rear portion (4b) of the combustible heat source (4) and at least a front portion (10a) of the aerosol forming substrate (10); a second heat-conducting element (38) around at least a portion of the first heat-conducting element (36), wherein at least part of the second heat-conducting element (38) is radially separated from the first heat-conducting element (36); and one or more first air inlets (40) around the periphery of the aerosol forming substrate (10).
[0002]
A smoking article (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the transfer element (12) comprises at least one hollow tubular body with an open end (28).
[0003]
A smoking article (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it further comprises an aerosol cooling element (14) between the aerosol forming substrate (10) and the mouthpiece (18).
[0004]
4. A smoking article (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the entire second heat-conducting element (38) is radially separated from the first heat-conducting element (36).
[0005]
5. Smoking article (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first heat-conducting element (36) and the second heat-conducting element (38) are radially separated by a material insulating heat.
[0006]
6. Smoking article (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first heat-conducting element (36) and the second heat-conducting element (38) are radially separated by at least 50 microns.
[0007]
7. Smoking article (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the second heat-conducting element (38) overlaps at least part of the combustible heat source (4) and to at least a portion of the aerosol-forming substrate (10).
[0008]
8. Smoking article (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the second heat-conducting element (38) extends beyond the first heat-conducting element (36) in a downstream direction .
[0009]
9. A smoking article (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the second heat-conducting element (38) overlaps the entire length of the aerosol-forming substrate (10).
[0010]
10. Smoking article (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it further comprises an outer casing (20) around the second heat-conducting element (38).
[0011]
11. Smoking article (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the second heat-conducting element is provided on the outside of the smoking article, such that the second heat-conducting element heat is visible on the outer surface of the smoking article.
[0012]
12. Smoking article (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the second heat-conducting element (38) is formed by a laminated material comprising one or more layers (38b ) of a heat-conducting material.
[0013]
13. Smoking article (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the second heat-conducting element (38) comprises one or more layers (38b) of a heat-reflective material .
[0014]
14. Smoking article (2), according to claim 13, characterized in that the heat-reflecting material reflects more than 50% of the incident radiation.
[0015]
15. Smoking article (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the second heat-conducting element (38) comprises steel.
[0016]
16. Smoking article (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the combustible heat source (4) is a blind combustible heat source.
[0017]
17. Smoking article (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that it further comprises one or more air flow channels extending from the front face to the rear face of the combustible heat source .
[0018]
18. A smoking article (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the one or more first air inlets (40) are located near the downstream end of the aerosol forming substrate ( 10).
[0019]
19. Smoking article (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the aerosol-forming substrate (10) rests against the rear face (8) of the combustible heat source (4) .
[0020]
20. A smoking article according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the aerosol-forming substrate is spaced from the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[0021]
21. The smoking article of claim 20, further comprising one or more second air inlets between the rear face of the fuel heat source and the aerosol forming substrate.
[0022]
22. Smoking article (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that it further comprises one or more aerosol modifying agents downstream of the aerosol forming substrate.

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BR112016028523B1|2022-01-18|SMOKING ARTICLE, FUEL HEAT SOURCE ASSEMBLY AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

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BR112016000830B1|2021-09-28|SMOKING ARTICLE COMPRISING A FUEL HEAT SOURCE WITH AT LEAST ONE AIRFLOW CHANNEL

同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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KR102154113B1|2020-09-10|

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RU2649257C2|2018-03-30|

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AU2014307961B9|2018-07-19|

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ES2634662T3|2017-09-28|

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JP2017093447A|2017-06-01|

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BR112016000960A2|2017-07-25|

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EP2975955B1|2017-06-14|

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AU2014307961A1|2015-11-05|

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WO2015022320A3|2015-04-23|

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WO2015022320A2|2015-02-19|

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ZA201507632B|2017-01-25|

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IL242049A|2020-08-31|

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RU2762477C2|2021-12-21|

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MY181477A|2020-12-23|

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PH12015502370A1|2016-02-22|

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PL2975955T3|2017-12-29|

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MX2016001600A|2016-05-02|

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KR20150139977A|2015-12-14|

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JP6067931B2|2017-01-25|

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US20160143355A1|2016-05-26|

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TW201511696A|2015-04-01|

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JP2016518856A|2016-06-30|

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AU2014307961B2|2018-02-15|

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DK2975955T3|2017-08-07|

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RS56162B1|2017-11-30|

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UA117928C2|2018-10-25|

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AR097315A1|2016-03-09|

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KR20200106556A|2020-09-14|

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JP6674372B2|2020-04-01|

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CA2920714A1|2015-02-19|

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EP2975955A2|2016-01-27|

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HUE032854T2|2017-11-28|

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HK1215923A1|2016-09-30|

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CN105324046A|2016-02-10|

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PT2975955T|2017-07-14|

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BR112016000960A8|2020-01-07|

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CN112315043A|2021-02-05|

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LT2975955T|2017-11-10|

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CA2920714C|2019-10-29|

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TWI654940B|2019-04-01|

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RU2018109082A3|2021-06-03|

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PH12015502370B1|2016-02-22|

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RU2015149385A|2017-05-22|

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RU2018109082A|2019-02-26|

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KR20170037679A|2017-04-04|

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SG11201600975UA|2016-03-30|

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法律状态:
2019-12-24| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

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2021-04-06| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|

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2021-06-01| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2021-07-20| B350| Update of information on the portal [chapter 15.35 patent gazette]|

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2021-08-03| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 12/08/2014, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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EP13180307|2013-08-13|

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EP13180307.4|2013-08-13|

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PCT/EP2014/067236|WO2015022320A2|2013-08-13|2014-08-12|Smoking article with dual heat-conducting elements and improved airflow|

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